Essay of Narrative Writing

Essay of Narrative WritingThe best way to improve your narrative writing is to write a sample essay of narrative writing. A sample essay will give you the idea of what the essay should be about, and this will help you get an idea of the scope of the essay. However, before starting to write the essay, you should prepare the basic idea first.In order to tell the story, you need to have an idea of how you want the story to end. You can choose to use a short story or use a novel. However, the basic idea you need is to tell a story, and make sure that your reader will keep reading to get the right ending.It is a good idea to think of an ending, if you are writing the essay. This will also help you know how to finish the essay. If you have a story that you want to end, then the story can be divided into several parts. Then you can use the final part as a summary.This will give you the key idea of how to end the story. This will help you know how you will use the key idea in your narrative essay. With the key idea, you can use different characters and sub-plots to tell a part of the story.The most important thing about writing a sample essay of narrative writing is to think of the ending. Otherwise, it is a waste of time and effort. The end can be the first or last chapter of the essay. However, you can also decide to use the whole essay to tell a part of the story.Writing an essay of narrative writing is a very effective way to improve your writing skills. You will find that writing a narrative essay is easier than writing a history essay. However, if you plan to write a science fiction essay, you will need to use research and the details of the story.In addition, you will need to write about personal life and family. This will give the reader a feel of what life is like. In addition, the essay can be used to show experiences of a person's life. You can use the example of several stories in order to inspire the reader.

Theory of Transpersonal Caring Plan of Care free essay sample

Current Influences of Research Utilization in Practice According to Squires, Estabrooks, Gustavsson, Wallin (2011), research utilization is the use of any kind of research in any way. Concern has been expressed as to whether nursing practice is guided on the basis of scientific evidence or research. Research is available, but is it used to its fullest potential? The difference between research availability and the application of research to practice is known as the research-practice gap. Unfortunately, studies conclude that the use of research in practice is slow and haphazard (Squires, Estabrooks, Gustavsson, Wallin, 2011). Research utilization in nursing practice is influenced strongly by individual determinants. As individual characteristic factors emerged from data extraction, Squires et al. (2011) considered six core categories including beliefs and attitudes, involvement in research activities, information seeking, education, professional characteristics, and other socio-economic factors. Of these core categories, the nurses attitude toward research was the only individual influencing characteristic that was consistent, and had a positive effect. We will write a custom essay sample on Theory of Transpersonal Caring Plan of Care or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Other influencing factors such as attending conferences, having an advanced degree, and clinical specialty were present, but not to the magnitude as attitude (Squires et al. , 2011). When all of the individual influences on research utilization are considered, attitude and attendance at conferences or in-services seem to be the easiest to manipulate to make a positive impact on the application of research to nursing practice (Squires et al. , 2011). MacGuire (2011) suggests 10 areas of potential difficulty in the implementation of nursing research findings. These areas include the complexity of the change process, the genesis of research programs, formulation of research questions, differences in theoretical approaches, timescales and planning cycles, information overload, credibility, applicability, response to change, and the management of change. The implementation of nursing research findings into practice is a complex process and though management can focus on change for implementation, the success of the change remains hinged on the attitude of the nurse (MacGuire, 2006). Case Study Mr. C, the patient, recently moved in with his daughter-in-law after his wife passed away. The daughter-in-law is no longer married to Mr. C’s son, but she is at this visit with Mr. C and states that she wants to help take care of Mr. C. She states that when Mr. C got off the airplane, he was pale and diaphoretic. She took him to the emergency room at the hospital. He was seen by a cardiologist and has a follow-up appointment next week for a cardiac echo. The patient states he has chronic heart failure (CHF) and a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The cardiologist told him to seek out a primary care provider and have his thyroid checked. The patient states he does not know if he has hyper- or hypothyroidism, but he has been taking medication for years. Mr. C has a large bag of medications with him, including Synthroid ®, Lasix, Coumadin, and metoprolol. Mr. C is very pale. His vital signs are as follows: Pulse- 58, BP 176/84, Respirations- 22, Pulse ox-88. He is 72 inches tall and weighs 147 pounds. His labs results are as follows: hematocrit- 8. 24, hemoglobin- 24. 3, BUN- 29, Creatinine- 2. 0, INR-2. 5. The case study is the basis for the following plan of care based on Jean Watsons Theory of Transpersonal Caring. Priority 1 Assessment Nursing Diagnosis Intervention Outcome Follow-up Outcomes Priority 2 Potential for: Fluid volume excess secondary to decreased circulatory / cardiac output. Teach patient to monitor BP, pulse, edema and respiratory effort and daily weight. Teach patient the importance of medication compliance and possible side effects Teach patient importance of maintaining a health diet and nutrition. Teach patient importance of informing MD immediately of any noted changes in status. Displays BP and pulse within normal limits. Be free of edema and visual disturbances, breathe with clear sounds. Demostrates compliance with medication use. Selects nutritionally rich foods, consistent with current guidelines. Reports worsening condition or development of suspicious signs and symptoms promptly to prevent serious complications Priority 3 Potential for: Decreased endurance and activity secondary to decreased cardiac output Teach patient to be able to assess vital signs especially respiratory rate. Teach patient to be able to self assess need for oxygen and importance of oxygen compliance. Encourage patient to plan activities as tolerated and around periods of rest. Monitors BP, pulse and respiratory rate regularly and correctly. Correctly assesses the need for oxygen by recognizing the signs and symptoms of hypoxia. Uses oxygen in the appropriate concentration. Plans regular periods of rest and quiet activities gradually increasing activity as tolerated. Priority 4 Potential for: Ineffective coping secondary to disease process. Help patient to identify own strengths in providing self care. Promote patient independence and empowerment Assess patient’s ability and understanding of changes that may occur during disease process Verbalize understanding of what is happening. Identify and use coping techniques. Establishes a positive attitude towards illness. Progesses adaptively through disease process. Priority 5 Potential for: Ineffective tissue perfusion secondary to decreased cardiac output. Teach patient important signs and symptoms of perfusion dysfunction (unilateral edema, cool extremity, decreased pulse rate, pain/discomfort to area). Displays BP, pulse, ABGs, and WBC within normal limits. Priority 6 Potential for: Weakness and fatigue secondary to metabolic and endocrine dysfunction Encourage several rest periods in between patient’s activities Teach patient importance of taking medication as ordered by the physician and monitoring for side effects. Encourage patient to maintain low fat, low cholesterol, high fiber diet. Plans naps and quiet activities on a regular basis between activities Takes medications as prescribed by physician. Promptly reports side effects. Selects nutritionally rich foods, consistent with current guidelines. BP and cholesterol WNL. Conclusion References Doenges, M. E. Moorhouse, M. F. (1999). Guidelines for individualized care. Plans of Care. Philadelphia, PA: F. A. Davis Company. George, J. B. (2011). Nursing theories: The base for professional nursing practice (6th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. MacGuire, J. (2006). Putting nursing research findings into practice: research utilization as an aspect of the management of change. Journal Of Advanced Nursing, 53(1), 65-71. Nurses Labs. (2011, November). Congestive Heart Failure. Retrieved from http://nurseslabs. com. Nursing Care Plans. (2011, April). Deep Vein Thrombosis. Retrieved from http://www. nursingcareplans. org. Nursingcrib. (2011, December). Metabolic and Endrocrine Dysfunction. Retrieved from http://nursingcrib. com. Potter, P. A. , Perry, A. G. (2005). Fundamentals of Nursing. St. Louis, MO: Mosby, Inc. Squires, J. E. , Estabrooks, C. A. , Gustavsson, P. , Wallin, L. (2011). Individual determinants of research utilization by nurses: a systematic review update. Implementation Science, 6(1), 1-20. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY: I certify that the attached project is my original work and has not previously been submitted by me or anyone else for any class. I further declare I have cited all sources from which I used language, ideas, and information, whether quoted verbatim or paraphrased, and that any assistance of any kind, which I received while producing this paper, has been acknowledged in the References section. I have obtained written permission from the copyright holder for any trademarked material, logos, or images from the Internet or other sources. I further agree that my name typed on the line below is intended to have, and shall have, the same validity as my handwritten signature. Students signature (name typed here is equivalent to a signature): Learning Team B: Tomika Washington, Kim Difillippo, Darlene Ferris, Michelle Whittenberg, and Tina Gafford

Make Yourself buy Incubus essays

Make Yourself buy Incubus essays Incubus has been around for some time but their newest album has caught my attention and the attention of the music world. The album entitled Make Yourself features a great selection of music with every song on the record being good. Today there are cds that contain the 2 or 3 good songs played on the radio and thats it, with Incubus the songs on the cd are even better than the ones that are known. They are creative and use their own type of style and their own music. Incubus's third record, Make Yourself, is more then just your average album. The album consists of thirteen songs, each being different. This is one aspect that I believe is a major attraction in buying an album, along with each song being a good song. The album starts out with a great opening track "Privilege". This song really sets the whole tone for the rest of the music to come. It's a catchy tune with a great feel to it. As the Cd progresses on, songs like "Nowhere Fast" and "Make Yourself" show the bands rock side with hard riffs and a driving force that just pulls you through the songs. On the other side there are songs like "Consequence", The Warmth, and Drive which, give you a different feel. They are softer but are still rock/ metal; Unforgiven by Metallica is an example of this. Stellar and Pardon Me, the two songs played on the radio, fit right into the cd making it enjoyable. Both songs have a great beat and flow of music. They are catchy giving them a certain remembrance to them. At the same time they are totally different songs, each with different chords and rhythms, just like every other song on the album. Of course there is that general guitar and drum combination, but the way they use them to make new songs is what makes the album so original. Incubus is original, which I believe is an excelle ...

Professional skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Professional skills - Essay Example School does not prepare you for these challenges out in the real world. One of the challenges relates to job decisions I had to make. The central challenge was to locate a job, which took me a long time. I sent many applications with no response. Here is an evidence of one application I sent with no response. Students wonder why they have to think about their career already or their future for that matter. It probably still seems too far away in the presence of more irresistible subjects such as final exams and housing lottery. On the contrary, students tend not to think of knowing exactly what to do after college. Instead, they prioritize college life, with primary aim of succeeding in the respective courses. However, if you imagine yourself in a certain career at that moment, it would remain an excellent opportunity to start making dreams a reality. In addition, even if you are not sure of what you want to do, it is still helpful to maintain focus. In fact, it is even more indispensable to maintain focus because of the many decisions that waits in the future. Moreover, It is would be imperious to not change your major course hastily while in college. Rather, an individual ought to remain vigilant and mindful while critically analyzing the available success opportunities. Possible careers now may also help you make other decisions while in college, including what activities to participate in and which courses to study. In College, an individual gets the exposure to many different opportunities and ideas within a single place. Moreover, looking ahead of time can also serve as a powerful motivator. Students who have even a vague sense of direction tend to do better than those who really do not know why they are in college. As a contemporary college student, you have many resources at your disposal, from the library to the career services office. You also have the internet, which can provide a wealth

Article Critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Article Critique - Essay Example The Great Conversation is a means to involve community in the educational process. It consists of two different tracks: informal and formal. Vollmer cites the remarkable progress in relations achieved using the Great Conversation in Colorado, Wisconsin, and Kentucky. However, he does not give the details of these three situations. He merely makes a few vague comments about the schools systems and their relationship to the public. One of the major drawbacks of the article is that Vollmer largely ignores the informal track of the Great Conversation. While he admits that the focus of his article is the formal track, he devotes only three short paragraphs to the informal track. If an approach to public relations involves two main tracks, an article should address both equally in order to create a balanced view. Vollmer seems to bias the article toward the formal track. Vollmer uses the last half of his article to explaining the formal track of the Great Conversation. ... The most obvious errors in the article are two. Firstly, the major obstacle to creating public relations programs between schools and the community is a lack of time on the part of both parties. Vollmer never addresses how the Great Conversation solves this fundamental problem. If anything, the article points out that public relations programs are almost impossible to create due to the time commitment needed on both sides. Secondly, and most importantly, author Jamie Vollmer is president of Vollmer, Inc., a public education advocacy firm focusing on increasing community involvement in education. Clearly, he has bias in relation to the subject about which he is writing. His firm exists to help schools create and maintain public relations programs. Additionally, the firm sells certain approaches to public relations to school districts. There can be little doubt that Vollmer sells a package that includes the Great Conversation. Finally, as Vollmer is president of the firm, he is respons ible for the financial health of the organization. This fact means that he must sell his firm’s product, and this article is an advertisement for his firm. I feel that public relations programs are important for school success to a limited degree. The success of a school can be impacted by the amount of involvement from the community. However, in my experience, the most important involvement is individual, i.e. between parents and teachers. The intrusion of business into schools is detrimental as it affects the operation and goals of the school. Also, the general public does not understand the workings of the educational system and often public relations programs spend the majority of their time

A Swot Analysis Of Barclays Bank Finance Essay

A Swot Analysis Of Barclays Bank Finance Essay The global landscape of business had always been faced with inevitable and unpredictable circumstances which has always been challenging for them once they are confronted. Financial institutions, for instance, have been rattled by the global economic downturn which has affected businesses in the recent years. To be bale to alleviate the effect of such circumstances, it is a common practice among businesses to execute measures and practices which are directed towards improving their performance amidst the tragedies in the economic status. One of the many ways in which they can do so is through a SWOT analysis which speaks of evaluation of the organizations strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. This analysis enables businesses to capitalize on the aspects in which they are strong at and to improve on aspect in which they deem as needing improvement. Barclays Bank is one of the numerous financial or banking institutions in the United Kingdom, which over the years, through their unwavering strategies and efforts, has also conquered the global landscape through its business expansion. In their recent year of operation, the bank is regarded as a global financial services provider, engaging in businesses which deals with retail and commercial banking, credit cards, investment banking, wealth management, and investment management services which extends its operation not only in the United Kingdom but all over the world as well. This international expansion can be traced as early as after the First World War in which the bank has expanded its operation to cater to the needs of other regions such as Africa, The Caribbean, the Near East, and the Mediterranean. The regions which were originally selected for expansion of the financial institution were countries with political links to the United Kingdom (Coulbeck, 1984). In the present, ho wever, the business has continued its expansion on its quest to serve more markets and to establish a global presence. At present, rattled by the various economic troubles and the unpredictable future, Barclays is in continued operation with much focus and attention dedicated towards better serving the public and towards the sustainability of their business through responsible financing and business operation (Barclays, 2010). In this study the researcher will be formulating a SWOT strategy analysis for Barclays Bank to provide a more intensive analysis and evaluation of the banks operation. The analysis of a companys strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, is the starting point of strategy formulation as it provides a thorough evaluation and analysis of the business strengths and weaknesses which are actually internal to their operation and the opportunities and threats which can be further analyzed by looking at the external environment. The results of this analysis can be used at the maximum by exploiting the strengths and opportunities of the organization while neutralizing the threats and deliberately avoiding the weaknesses (Griffin, 2008). STRENGHTS OF BARCLAYS The strength of a company gives the business it competitive edge over other players in the same industry of even among indirect players which can still be classified as participants in the competition. These strengths could include their special capability, resources, or skills which set them apart of the competition like their market dominance and a pleasant financial performance which is set to make them perform better in the following years of operation (Stapleton Thomas, 1998). One of the strengths which can be attributed to the operation of Barclays Bank is its worldwide presence. The international expansion of this financial institution has enabled the business to tap more market and more territories which gave them the advantages of enjoying the economies of scale and it let them enjoyed the benefit of allowing risks to be spread among its numerous bank locations. Their presence in different locations among different countries increases the potential of the business as they become more known in the field of finance and banking industry. The bank has a huge global presence across regions like Europe, South America, North America, Africa and Asia serving almost 50 million clients (BankAdvisor, n.d.) 2007 2008 2009 2007 2008 2009 The two charts which were presented above show another strengths reaped by the bank in the past year. The first chart shows a comparative three year analysis of economic profit which is deemed as one essential key performance indicator of the business. This refers to the firms profit after tax and other non-controlling interests less capital charges. The higher economic profit of Barclays this year as compared to the previous year is indicative of its good performance as such reflects a growth in the banks profit and reflects their efficient use of capital. This strength of Barclays necessitates that the company is doing good in terms of being able to generate economic revenue which is also reflective of good financial performance in the previous year. This goes to show that the company is performing well amidst economic difficulties. Furthermore, the second graph shows the profit before tax of the bank. The chart shows that their profit this year is significantly higher compared to the previous year, another indicator if the companys strength despite the major challenges in the global economic situation particularly affecting international financial institutions. The total profit before tax is one of the most essential profitability measures which can be used to assess and evaluate the performance of a particular company in a given year. It is used as a key indicator of the financial performance which most investors gauge in order to determine how successful a business performed in the past year. The financial data of Barclays, based on their Annual Company Report, reflects an almost doubled profit before tax compared to the previous year. This is another strength which can be considered for the company and such can be able to attract more investments because of the relatively good business in the past year. WEAKNESSES OF BARCLAYS Aside from the strengths of Barclays Bank which were enumerated above, it is also important that we take a look at its corresponding weaknesses. The weaknesses of a business the weaknesses of a business illustrates the areas in which they have not shown exemplary performance and the areas in which they did not show desired or anticipated results. These weaknesses can refere to the traits in which they need improvement. Once carefully identified and stipulated, their weaknesses can help them formulate better strategies and practices so that they can be assured of a better performance. One of the weaknesses of Barclays is its control systems. Because of their deemed defective and inefficient control systems, they were fined in September of last year. This can be classified as their weakness because this tarnished the name in the industry of financial institutions and caused them to have a bad reputation in the eyes of the public. They were fined because of their failure to provide daily data regarding bank transactions which will be used by the government to be able to track and investigate suspected abuse in the trading and also cases of manipulation in the market. This tougher banking regulation has also affected some of the major banks in Europe. Unfortunately, it costs Barclays a lot as they paid a fine amounting to 2.45 million pounds because of this violation on the government laws. The fine would have been bigger if in case they did not cooperate earlier to be able to settle the case (Olson, 2009). 2008 2009 The chart which was illustrated above shows another weakness of the performance of Barclays based on its performance in the previous year. The chart shows the comparative analysis on the number of Barclayard users or customers for the past two years. Barclayard is an international credit card that is multi branded. It is one of the leading credit card businesses in Europe with a relatively growing market in America and other parts of the world as well. The number of customers handling the aforementioned credit card was brought to an entire almost two million customers low this year. This can be attributed to the fact that because of the financial and global economic crisis which hit the world in the previous years, fewer customers are interested on credit purchases because of the uncertainty of their respective financial situations. This can be regarded as a weakness for Barclays because this only illustrates that although other parts of the business is earning, this particular secto r of the business is beginning to lose its customer base which might actually worsen in the next years and can inevitably result into decreased profits. Aside from what has been mentioned, another factor which can be regarded as the weakness of Barclays is that it gives out large amount of bonuses to the members of the Board of Directors. Such practice has gained numerous comments and criticisms from different groups in the past. If such practice will continue, it will haunt them in their operation and will cause more eyes to be focused on them and can even reveal further problems and weaknesses which are inherent in the operation of the business. OPPORTUNITIES FOR BARCLAYS The opportunities which confront the operation of international businesses is another factor which should be evaluated when analyzing the performance of a specific company. These opportunities can open new door for the business, can be basis for expansion or extension of operation, and can give way to opening of new businesses and catering to more markets which were not served before. One of the opportunities for Barclays is the increasing importance of the role which is played by the banks in the society nowadays (Varley, 2009). Despite the numerous disadvantages which were brought about by the financial and global economic crisis, the role of the banks in the society did not weaken; rather it experienced increased importance especially in its ability to provide reliable and efficient payment systems, safe storage for savings and deposit, maturity transformation, management of asset and other investments. This increasing importance of banks amidst financial turmoil provides the indu stry greater opportunities to open its doors into new businesses and ventures which can bring them generous amount of profit and will let them enjoy sustainable competitive advantage in the long run. 2007 2008 2009 2007 2008 2009 The two charts which were presented above also shows areas of opportunity for Barclays Bank. The first one shows the levels of customer satisfaction. in the past years, the level of satisfaction was only 67% versus this years 72%. It is shown that there is a significant increase which means that there is a relatively larger number of customers this year who felt that there is an improvement in the quality of service provided by the bank. This can be classified as an opportunity because this can lead to more strategies focused on the customers and services which could better satisfy their needs. This can also serve as an indicator of more expansion in the line of services they provide since more people are happier with the output and quality of their service provision. The heightened percentage in the level of customer satisfaction can help the business realize more opportunities which are people-related and it can also provide them with the opportunity to develop only better services to be assured of higher satisfaction ratings in the years to come. Furthermore, the second chart shows the amount of income generated internationally. This reflects revenue which was generated from their banks and other forms of businesses outside the United Kingdom. For the year 2008, their international income reached a percentage of 47, and it increased to 57% this year, this goes to show that there is more profit this year generated from international operation as compared to the previous year. This international diversification of the organizations income will provide them with an opportunity to lower the occurrence of risk as they are displaced on a number of locations. The increase in the percentage of income generated from international operation can also provide them with the opportunity to put up more locations in other countries and opportunity to improve service in other countries since these branches are bringing them more revenue year after year. THREATS FOR BARCLAYS The threats which confront any business are as timeless and inevitable as what have been previously discussed. These threats can extend from internal to external and from mild to complex. Companies must be ready once they are confronted with these threats to be bale to sustain and survive in the ever competitive world of business. Threat should be managed carefully to be able to outplay the competition and overcome the struggles which were brought about by such challenges. 2007 2008 2009 The chart which was presented above shows one of the threats confronting the operation of Barclays. It must be noted that in the opportunities section, the rseracher included the increase in income generated from international expansion as a remarkable opportunity because there is a significant increase in the income from the said section of the business. However, needles to say, the increase in income does not always equate to satisfactory international performance. The chart above shows that almost 100 branches outside the United Kingdom closed as compared to the number of branches in the previous year. The closure of these branches is attributed to the fact that they can be bypassed in terms pof performance of some banking transactions which does not need an actual banking operation to take effect. However, the closure of such branches also poses a serious threat to the business because it only means that there is a reduction in the number of locations in which people can transact actual and physically. Because they have reduced the number of their merchant locations, clients may then be prompted to explore the options they are confronted and might actually opt for other banking service provider. Another threat to the operation of Barclays bank would be the increased competition among financial institutions not only in the United Kingdom, but in the international market as well. Although the world has been confronted with financial and economic crunches, the role of banks in the society and in the lives of the people has continued to increase overtime as its function also increased significantly. With that, if there is a relatively low rate of new entrants, it cannot be denied that those who jhave already been in the top are perpetually increasing their efforts to tap more markets globally. Their efforts and strategies are unwavering towards provision of better public service which in turn can give the customers a sense of satisfaction. Because of these efforts and strategies, competition has been more stringent as they utilize more marketing tools which are helping them in their operations. This increased and tightened competition can prove to be unhealthy especially if the efforts of Barclays are not directed towards strategies to survive the competitive playground. Another threat to the operation of Barclays could be the fact that the company has been reputed for closing too many branches in the past, specifically in the year 2000. Such act can lower their competitive position and can create and imagery without credibility and assurance in terms of their operation. The closure of these branches could actually mean weak financial performance thereby threatening both the investors and its array of potential clients. CONCLUSION The global financial and banking industry is not exempted from the economic and financial turmoil which confronts international businesses. In fact, these financial institutions can even feel the greater effect of the predicament as they are concerned with how the world turns around financially. However, a careful analysis of the financial institutions strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats can be of help to be able to formulate better strategies and in order to eliminate practices which are not showing efficiency in their global operations. A careful analysis of such could be able to help them determine and improve their position with regards to competition. The analysis on Barclays shows that they are still in a stable competitive position despite the predicaments which confront their operation. They have a stable financial and management base which enables them to manage the adversaries which are perpetually striking the global businesses.

Ronald Reagan – Psychological Eval

He has been called the most significant President of the 20th century. Ronald Reagan’s devotion to the American people and his unwavering commitment to managing both domestic and foreign affairs with sincerity, composure and efficiency provided a beacon of hope in an era that was marked by economic turmoil on the homefront and an impending threat of nuclear war. An analysis of Reagan’s life history, from a psychological standpoint, seeks to reveal the significant factors and influential events that may shed light on how he acquired the distinctive characteristics and how the interplay of how these factors subsequently shaped the extraordinary person he became. It is necessary to consider the influence of heredity, certain family issues, social systems and environment on psychological development. Ronald Reagan was born on February 6, 1911 in the small midwestern town of Tampico, Illinois to Nell (mother) and Jack (father) and older brother Neil. Jack Reagan was a salesman, a staunch Irish- Catholic, a Democrat, despised bigotry and racial discrimination, supported blue collar workers and instilled in his sons the same values. Possibly more influential to Ronald’s psychological development was that his father was also an alcoholic (Gilbert, 2007). This was very difficult aspect of Reagan’s childhood and he struggled to cope with his reality and make sense of his father’s behavior. Ronald's mother, Nelle was a very patient and nurturing woman who doted on her sons. She can be credited for familiarizing Ronald to theater and the stage by sharing with him her love of acting, as she was an actress herself. Being on stage and performing proved to be enjoyable for Ronald, so much so that he went on to star in various Hollywood movies. He even confessed that, â€Å"for a kid suffering childhood pangs of insecurity, the applause was music† (Will, 1990). She made a concerted effort to help them recognize that their fathers alcoholism, while upsetting and hard to understand, was a disease. Nelle was sympathetic in helping her sons deal with their father’s affliction and urged them not to blame their father for succumbing to the disease. She functioned as the constant source of unconditional loving care that seemed to lessen, though not completely diminish, the impact of Jack’s disease (Gilbert, 2007). She reminded her sons how evident their father’s love was when he was not drinking and helped them to maintain love and respect for their father in spite of his weakness. Nelle was a faithfully eligious woman and frequently made visits to families in need, the sick and went out of her way to lend a helping hand to anyone she was able help. Her generosity, kindness and unconditional love had a profound impact on her sons and masked some of the pain and disillusionment associated with their fathers’ alcoholism (Gilbert, 2007). For Reagan, growing up in an environment marked by the staggering paradox of his parents left an indelible impact on his life. His mother was the dependable parent who provided consistent love and guidance. In contrast, Jack Reagan’s alcoholism caused his sons considerable grief and confusion as to why he was unable to conquer his disease. Nelle Reagan wanted to protect her sons by rationalizing Jack’s behavior hoping they would not develop resentment towards their father. These efforts by Nelle, while well intentioned, served to create the illusion that the Reagan home environment was less dysfunctional than it truly was. According to Psychodynamic Theory, her behavior could be interpreted as reflective of an unconscious need to protect her children. Making a consistent effort to assure her sons that their father was the victim of a disease and powerless against his alcoholism could be classified as an illustration of both denial and rationalization. Denial is defined as, â€Å"the persons refusal to acknowledge external realities or emotions† (Kowalski and Westen, 2009). Rationalization can be identified as, â€Å"explaining away actions in a seemingly logical way to avoid uncomfortable feelings† (Kowalski and Westen, 2009). The Reagan family moved many times as a result of Jack’s inability to maintain work. This made it difficult for Ronald to build friendships which inevitably took a toll on his social skills as a boy and his ability to have meaningful relationships as an adult. As a child, Ronald Reagan was an introverted child with low self esteem (Gilbert, 2007). This is highly characteristic of children with alcoholic parents. Many individuals in Reagan’s close knit inner circle observed his reluctance, even inability, to sustain intimate and meaningful relationships with very many individuals. This is consistent to what research suggests about children who grow up in families in which at least one of the parents is an alcoholic. According to an article in the International Journal of Social Sciences and General Studies, â€Å"since the family is the context in which children usually learn to express their feelings, to love and express affection and to trust and share intimate aspects of their lives; it is understandable that many adult children of alcoholics have significant problems with psychosocial adjustment. They show extreme difficulty in sharing themselves in intimate ways with other people† (2010). It seems unlikely that Ronald Reagan, or any child who endures such unfortunate experiences, would ultimately be an actor or the president of the United States! However, the attention that Reagan sought was passive attention. He did not necessarily have to interact with audience members or constituents on a level that forced him to create any intimate, personal bond with these persons. Rather, he was able to operate from a secluded platform where he was able to control people’s perceptions of him. While he proved to be an effective leader and loved President, his childhood and subsequent development were certainly noticeable and undoubtedly affected how he operated as the leader of the free world.